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T.S. Eliot - Gerontion

Thou hast nor youth nor age
But as it were an after dinner sleep
Dreaming of both.


HERE I am, an old man in a dry month,
Being read to by a boy, waiting for rain.
I was neither at the hot gates
Nor fought in the warm rain
Nor knee deep in the salt marsh, heaving a cutlass,
Bitten by flies, fought.
My house is a decayed house,
And the jew squats on the window sill, the owner,
Spawned in some estaminet of Antwerp,
Blistered in Brussels, patched and peeled in London.
The goat coughs at night in the field overhead;
Rocks, moss, stonecrop, iron, merds.
The woman keeps the kitchen, makes tea,
Sneezes at evening, poking the peevish gutter.
I an old man,
A dull head among windy spaces.

Signs are taken for wonders. “We would see a sign!”
The word within a word, unable to speak a word,
Swaddled with darkness. In the juvescence of the year
Came Christ the tiger
In depraved May, dogwood and chestnut, flowering judas,
To be eaten, to be divided, to be drunk
Among whispers; by Mr. Silvero
With caressing hands, at Limoges
Who walked all night in the next room;

By Hakagawa, bowing among the Titians;
By Madame de Tornquist, in the dark room
Shifting the candles; Fräulein von Kulp
Who turned in the hall, one hand on the door. Vacant shuttles
Weave the wind. I have no ghosts,
An old man in a draughty house
Under a windy knob.

After such knowledge, what forgiveness? Think now
History has many cunning passages, contrived corridors
And issues, deceives with whispering ambitions,
Guides us by vanities. Think now
She gives when our attention is distracted
And what she gives, gives with such supple confusions
That the giving famishes the craving. Gives too late
What’s not believed in, or if still believed,
In memory only, reconsidered passion. Gives too soon
Into weak hands, what’s thought can be dispensed with
Till the refusal propagates a fear. Think
Neither fear nor courage saves us. Unnatural vices
Are fathered by our heroism. Virtues
Are forced upon us by our impudent crimes.
These tears are shaken from the wrath-bearing tree.

The tiger springs in the new year. Us he devours. Think at last
We have not reached conclusion, when I
Stiffen in a rented house. Think at last
I have not made this show purposelessly
And it is not by any concitation
Of the backward devils
I would meet you upon this honestly.
I that was near your heart was removed therefrom
To lose beauty in terror, terror in inquisition.
I have lost my passion: why should I need to keep it
Since what is kept must be adulterated?
I have lost my sight, smell, hearing, taste and touch:
How should I use them for your closer contact?
These with a thousand small deliberations
Protract the profit of their chilled delirium,
Excite the membrane, when the sense has cooled,
With pungent sauces, multiply variety
In a wilderness of mirrors. What will the spider do,
Suspend its operations, will the weevil
Delay? De Bailhache, Fresca, Mrs. Cammel, whirled
Beyond the circuit of the shuddering Bear
In fractured atoms. Gull against the wind, in the windy straits
Of Belle Isle, or running on the Horn,
White feathers in the snow, the Gulf claims,
And an old man driven by the Trades
To a sleepy corner.

Tenants of the house,
Thoughts of a dry brain in a dry season.

Added: on February 27th, 2007 at 8:23 AM | Viewed: 19253 times | Comments and analysis of Gerontion by T.S. Eliot Comments (16)


Gerontion - Comments and Information

Poet: T.S. Eliot (T.S. Eliot Art)
Poem: 1. Gerontion
Volume: Poems
Year: Published/Written in 1920

Comment 16 of 16, added on March 4th, 2009 at 2:56 PM.

I agree with that last comment; both ways of interpreting are valid and I believe necessary. But I do believe that as you seriously analyze a work, you should fully understand both the allusions, and the author. I think, especially concerning Eliot, understanding the time [period], knowing the authors life, and understanding his beliefs and purposes are absolutely necessary to analyzing a work. For Eliot and his peers, the ideas of modernistic thought were fascinating. Also Eliot was not irreverently relgious, but had sincere faith. Many of the accusations that he was anti-semitic or even irrevent toward his own faith can easily be disposed of in understanding the crisis and peaceful necessity of faith to any believer. Gerontion is entirely a poem about that crisis and peace imbedded in faith, and while it deals with many concepts, it returns to being "thoughts of a dry brain in a dry season". Eliot also borrows much from other belief systems: Eliot was a christian but he was mentored by Pound who had a fascination with Eastern thought, and as he Eliot worked so closely together, his influence ought be calculated. There is a great necessity of affectation in analyzing Eliot's poetry, because as a modernist and for runner of post-modernism, Eliot inadvertantly felt a huge conciousness of individual perception and experience, which subsequently underscores his work. Eliot also toyed with Gerontion as a prelude to The Wasteland, and as I believe can be noted with many of his noteable works, there are clear connections between Gerontion and the Wasteland. Also as one embarks into Gerontion, the importance of words in and of themselves should be accopunted for; as he notes "the word within a word", and so understanding origins and etymologies of certain words is a necessity, as knowing their functions in various cultures and their place in ours today. Is it any accident that Eliot is devored by Christ the Tiger? Not lion, as so often the association goes- to continue the parallel of Isreal (God's chosen nation) as a lion. Eliot dissociates Christ from Isreal, as he was dissociated from his family and people. Also by no accident, a tiger and goat have thier place on the chinese zodiac. The modernist/postmodernist trick is the merging of so many thoughts and concepts, as "these tears are shaken from the warth-bearing tree"(could it be the cross, connecting to the tree of knowledge, as referenced in "after such knowledge, what forgiveness?")- or as experience kills us, according to the "backward devils" (possibly the hypocrites and leaders of all which is orthadox?). Experience is vital to Eliot's work; as he meets you with all he is and all he's got, so you must meet him in the same way. So much more could be said, but I'll save it for another time.

Ashley from United States
Comment 15 of 16, added on August 6th, 2008 at 1:41 PM.

I can't help but think that there is a third option whilst reading this poem- why say you either have to read it in terms of its allusions, or not in terms of its allusions, when you could do both? Eliot himself said (and I'm kicking myself to remember where I read the quotation..) that if you read the poem, and enjoy it purely for the poem's sake, then that is enough. But if you want to continue on the journey it suggests, to enjoy the allusions it makes and experience the poem as a combination of all these, then it makes for a richer reading. He also thought (from what I read, anyway) that we should build on the thought of those who have gone before us. I think his allusions are his way of doing that- because how can you expect to think anything new if you are unaware of what has gone before you? To quote eliot on the matter:

'Our civilisation comprehends great variety and complexity, and this variety and complexity, playing upon a refined sensibility, must produce various and complex results. The poet must become more and more comprehensive, more allusive, more indirect, in order to force, to dislcate if necessary language into his meaning.'

So to me, it works both ways. Reading it for the first time, I appreciate lines:

'In depraved May, dogwood and chestnut, flowering judas,
To be eaten, to be divided, to be drunk
Among whispers'

My first idea of them was of the secrecy of whispers and the notion of decay sprang to mind in the invasive 'eaten', 'divided', and 'drunk'. But I enjoyed it even more when I realised it was a reference to communion, and the breaking of the bread- it puts a different spin on the meaning of the line, and enhanced my ideas about it.

So why do it either way, when you could do it both?!

Thanks also to Gerry Poster for his inspired and inspiring approach to reading Eliot. It has grounded me again- an invaluable lesson.

Ness Q from Ireland
Comment 14 of 16, added on February 27th, 2007 at 8:23 AM.

gerontion must to be according to me emblèmatic of the life of modern man who is powerless in front of the ordeals of the existence and whose appeal to love religion and history for salvation is vain.

dièye from Senegal

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